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1) These two movements of the Earth--rotation and revolution--affect both day and night and the seasons on earth.
2) Summer solstice--time of year when the Northern Hemisphere has it's longest day and the Southern Hemisphere has it's shortest day.
3) Winter solstice--time of year when the Northern Hemisphere has it's shortest day and the Southern Hemisphere has it's longest day.
4) Vernal equinox--time of year when day and night are of equal length; first day of spring in the Northern Hemisphere.
5) Autumnal equinox--time of year when day and night are of equal length; first day of fall in the Northern Hemisphere.
6) Magnetosphere--area around the earth that extends beyond the atmosphere, in which the earth's magnetic forces operate.
7) Van Allen Radiation belts--two Doughnut-shaped regions of charged particles formed when the earth's magnetosphere traps some of the particles in the solar wind.
8) Aurora--bands or curtains of colored lights produced when particles trapped in the Van Allen radiation belts collide with particles in the upper atmosphere.
9) The relative motion of the Earth, the moon, and the sun result in the changing appearance of the moon as seen from the Earth and the occasional blocking of the sun's light.
10) Solar eclipse--blocking of the sun that occurs when the new moon comes directly between the sun and the earth.
11) Umbra--inner part of the shadow.
12) Penumbra--outer part of the shadow.
13) Lunar eclipse--blocking of the moon that takes place when the earth comes directly between the sun and the full moon.
14) Spring tide--higher than usual tide that occurs during the full moon and new moonphases.
15) Neap tide--lower than usual tide that occurs during the first and last quarter phases of the moon.
Look here for a website with eclipse pictures
Look here for a virtual moon phases website
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